In vitro Inhibitory HMG-CoA Reductase Activity of Purified Polyphenol Compounds from Water Lettuce (Pistia Stratiotes) Leaf Extract
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i7.15
Keywords:
Anti-hypercholesterolemia,, HMG-CoA reductase,, Polyphenol,, Water lettuce.Abstract
The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A (HMG-CoA) reductase is an enzyme that plays a role in the synthesis of cholesterol. The side effect of synthetic anti-cholesterol drugs has led to the demand for natural HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors such as plant extract. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the inhibitory HMG-CoA reductase activity of polyphenol compounds from water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) leaf extract. The research was conducted using the crude and purified extracts of water lettuce. The total polyphenols, flavonoids, and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity assay were carried out by in vitro analysis. The values obtained were analyzed quantitatively, followed by the use of an independent sample t-test and presented in graphical form. The results showed that the total polyphenols in each crude and purified extracts were 29.03 mg GAE/g dry sample and 65.63 mg GAE/g dry sample, respectively, while the total flavonoids were 27.58 mg QE/g dry sample and 88.02 mg QE/g dry sample, respectively. The inhibitory activity of the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme showed that the purified extract showed percentage inhibition of 34.74% which was higher than that of the crude extract which was 2.61%. This indicated that the purified extract of water lettuce has higher levels of polyphenols and flavonoids that can inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme more effectively than the crude extract.
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