Impact of Environmental Factors on the Distribution of Sandflies in Different Localities of Moulay Yaâcoub Province, North Central Morocco
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i7.7
Keywords:
Sergentomyia species, Sandflies, Phlebotomus species, Morocco, Leishmaniasis, EnvironmentAbstract
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Sandflies are the only known vector of this disease. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the spatial distribution of sandflies and environmental factors in Moulay Yaâcoub Province, Morocco. Sandfly distribution in the study area was assessed using four factors: altitude, soil type, vegetation, and environmental hygiene. The Sandfly collection was carried out from April to October 2014, during the active period of the sandflies. Adhesive traps and miniature light traps were used in the capture. The Geographic Information System (GIS) was
employed to evaluate the distribution of sandflies based on environmental factors. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed with the XLSTAT software. The results of the study showed that a total of 3,287 sandfly specimens from the Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia genera were collected. The genus Phlebotomus accounted for 94.3% of the sandflies sampled, while the genus Sergentomyia represented 5.7%. The dominant species of sandflies in the total samples was P. papatasi, which accounted for 31.45%, followed by P. longicuspis (26.1%), P. perniciosus (19.35%), and P. sergenti (17.40%). Sergentomyia falax represented only 3.85%,
closely followed by S. antennata (0.85%), S. minuta (0.76%), and S. dreyfussi (0.24%). The findings of this study have demonstrated that the nature of the environment can favour the abundance of one species over another, depending on the species' tolerance to the four
environmental factors studied.
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