HPLC Fingerprinting and In vitro Antimycobacterial Activity of the Roots of Cissampelos owariensis and Cissampelos mucronata
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i8.15
Keywords:
Cissampelos owariensis, Cissampelos mucronata,, Antimycobacterial,, HPLC,, Quality control.Abstract
Two Nigerian medicinal plants Cissampelos owariensis and Cissampelos mucronata (Menispermaceae) are commonly used in traditional medicine for the management of tuberculosis-related symptoms. The rationale behind this study is based on the fact that the two plants possess similar appearances thus often mistaken for each other, and both have also been reported for antimycobacterial activity. Hence, the objective of this study was to profile the chemical constituents of the two plants, establish their respective chromatographic fingerprints as an identity marker, and compare their bioactivities against two Mycobacterium species. Aqueous methanol extract of the roots of both plants was screened for their secondary metabolite contents and were also evaluated for their action against Bacillus Camille Guerin and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and terpenes were present in both plant extracts. In-vitro antimycobacterial assay showed that the extracts of C. owariensis and C. mucronata inhibited the growth of M. smegmatis at 3.13 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively and was bactericidal at 6.25 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively. Against BCG, the extract of owariensis displayed inhibitory and bactericidal properties at 0.39 mg/mL and 0.78 mg/mL, respectively, and C. mucronata at 3.13 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively. This indicates that both strains of the Mycobacterium were more susceptible to C. owariensis than C. mucronata in- vitro. The HPLC fingerprint results were non-identical for the two plant extracts, and comparison with their alkaloid fraction chromatograph revealed that the crude extracts consisted largely of alkaloids. This study has established distinguishable chromatographic profiles between the two species.
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