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Original Article Open Access
All-optical logic devices based on black arsenic–phosphorus with strong nonlinear optical response and high stability
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Abstract
The Kerr nonlinearity in two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials is emerging as an appealing and intriguing research area due to their prominent light processing, modulation, and manipulation abilities. In this contribution, 2D black arsenic-phosphorus (B-AsP) nanosheets (NSs) were applied in nonlinear photonic devices based on spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) method. By applying the Kerr nonlinearity in 2D B-AsP, an all-optical phase-modulated system is proposed to realize the functions of “on” and “off” in all-optical switching. By using the same all-optical phase-modulated system, another optical logic gate is proposed, and the logical “or” function is obtained based on the 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions. Moreover, by using the SSPM method, a 2D B-AsP/SnS2 hybrid structure is fabricated, and the result illustrates that the hybrid structure possesses the ability of the unidirectional nonlinear excitation, which helps in obtaining the function of spatial asymmetric light propagation. This function is considered an important prerequisite for the realization of diode functionalization, which is believed to be a factor in important basis for the design of isolators as well. The initial investigations indicate that 2D B-AsP is applicable for designing optical logical devices, which can be considered as an important development in all-optical information processing. -
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References
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Supplementary Information
Supplementary information for All optical logic devices based on black arsenic–phosphorus with strong nonlinear optical response and high stability 
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Figure 1.
(a) The SEM image of the layered B-AsP. (b) The high resolution TEM (HRTEM) image and the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern of the 2D B-AsP. (c) The AFM image of 2D B-AsP. (d) The height profiles along the red line in (c).
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Figure 2.
Band gap structures of the B-AsxP1-x with different value of “x” (x = 0, 0.25, 0.4, and 0.83).
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Figure 3.
(a) The band gap structure of the B-AsxP1-x (x = 0.4) NSs. (b) The 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions used in our experiment, and the Tyndall effect observed as the laser beams transmitted through the sample. (c) The phase-shift of the incident light caused by the Kerr nonlinearity in 2D B-AsP NSs. (d) Experimental schematic of the SSPM based on the 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions. (e, f) The intensity-dependent diffraction patterns generated from the 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions with the lasers of λ = 532 nm and 671 nm, respectively. (g, h) The nonlinear optical response (R) for the 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions with three repeated measurements at λ = 532 nm and 671 nm, respectively.
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Figure 4.
(a) The diffraction patterns excited from the 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions with a high light intensity for consecutive 6 hours. (b) The absorption spectrums for the 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions before and after 6 hours of exposure.
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Figure 5.
(a) Experimental schematic of the 2D B-AsP-based all-optical phase modulated system. (b) The phase modulation of controlling light to signal light. (c) The number of diffraction rings modulated by the intensity of controlling light. (d) Result of the all-optical switching based on 2D B-AsP NSs to realize the functions of “on” and “off”. (e) 2D B-AsP NSs all-optical logical gate to achieve the “or” function.
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Figure 6.
The unidirectional nonlinear excitation in 2D B-AsP/ SnS2 hybrid structure to achieve the spatial asymmetric light propagation.
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