تبیین مؤلفه‌های معناشناسی شهر اسلامی در راستای توسعه پایدار شهری
محورهای موضوعی : سیاستگذاری شهری
طاهره نصر
1
(دانشیار شهرسازی، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.)
سحر صلاحی
2
(دانشجوی دکتری معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.)
نجابت پیران
3
(دانشجوی دکتری معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.)
کلید واژه: "نشانه", "سیاستگذاری شهری", "مؤلفه‌های شهر اسلامی", "احکام اسلامی", "معناشناسی",
چکیده مقاله :
در سیاستگذاری شهر اسلامی باید اصول دین، احکام و احادیث، بر تصمیم سازی‌ها و تصمیم گیری‌های شهری تاثیرگذار باشند. می‌توان در موضوع‌های گوناگون شهرسازی از طریق استخراج مؤلفه‌های معنایی، به صورت (کالبد) شهر پرداخت و نیز بر اساس کالبد شهری به ذات هستی(معنا) در شهر اسلامی دست یافت. در همین راستا پژوهش حاضر به تبیین مؤلفه‌های معناشناسی شهر اسلامی در راستای سیاستگذاری توسعه پایدار شهری پرداخته است. روشی که در این پژوهش به کار گرفته شده است روش کیفی می‌باشد که به صورت توصیفی و تحلیلی و جمع‌آوری اطلاعات به صورت کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی صورت گرفته است. مطالعات با توجه به تبیین مفهوم معنا و معناشناسی و خاستگاه آن در آثار معماری و همچنین معیارهایی به منظور تحلیل معنایی فضای شهری به عناصری چون نشانه و نشانه‌شناسی و همچنین هنرشناسی صورت گرفت. سپس رابطه معنادار بین معنا و نشانه‌ها و زیبایی‌شناسی در کالبد شهر اسلامی بررسی شده و علاوه بر بیان چیستی شهر اسلامی، مبانی، ارکان، عناصر آن و بیان شکل شهر اسلامی از منظر نظریه‌‌پردازان، تحلیلی در راستای مؤلفه‌های معنایی شهر اسلامی بیان گردید و تبیین شاخص‌های اصالت وجود، اصالت ماهیت، علم نسبت به پدیده‌ها، یگانگی عین و ذهن، ارتباط دو سویه معنا و صورت گرفت. یافته تحقیق حاکی از این است که با توجه به اینکه در شکل‌گیری شهر اسلامی، توجه به مراتب هستی دارای اهمیت می‌باشد، بنابراین با توجه به نقش مهم کالبد در جوامع امروزی و عدم توجه به ابعاد معنایی در کالبدهای شهری، سیاست حضور و ارتباط مؤلفه‌های معنایی در شهر اسلامی، می‌تواند فضا را به سمت آرمان‌های اصلی اسلامی رهنمون سازد.
In the policy-making of the Islamic city, the principles of religion, rules and hadiths should influence the decisions and decisions of the city. In various subjects of urban planning, by extracting semantic components, the (form) of the city can be studied and also the essence of existence (meaning) in the Islamic city can be achieved based on the urban form.In this regard, the present study has explained the semantic components of the Islamic city in line with urban policy-making. The method used in this research is a qualitative method that is descriptive and analytical and information collection is done in the form of libraries and documents. Studies were carried out according to the explanation of the concept of meaning and semantics and its origin in architectural works, as well as criteria for semantic analysis of urban space to elements such as signs and semiotics, as well as art.Then, the significant relationship between meaning and signs and aesthetics in the physics of the Islamic city was investigated and in addition to expressing the nature of the Islamic city, its principles, pillars, elements and expressing the shape of the Islamic city from the perspective of theorists, an analysis was expressed in terms of semantic components. The originality of existence, the originality of nature, the knowledge of phenomena, the unity of object and mind, the two-way relationship of meaning and form. Finally, the order of existence of the object was achieved in the Islamic city. It can be said that considering the important role of the form in today's societies and the lack of attention to semantic dimensions in urban bodies, the politics of the presence and relationship of semantic components in the Islamic city can lead the space to the main Islamic ideals.Extended AbstractIntroduction: One of the problems of urban planning in today's cities is the lack of the necessary platform for the implementation and realization of new urban development plans and programs. But now most attention has been paid to the form and physic of cities and regardless of the main meanings in Islam and only the physical foundations of the Islamic city has spread everywhere. Therefore, based on this important matter, this study examines the main components of meaning in the Islamic city and what and why it is, as well as the manner and cause of meaning in the Islamic city and also its application in urban policy-making. In order to reach the components of meaning in the Islamic city, first the meaning and semantics from the perspective of Islam and what and its origin in architectural works are discussed. Then, the pillars, elements and components of the Islamic city in the direction of urban policy-making have been studied. In order to index it, semantic components in the Islamic city have been explained.Methodology: The method used in this research is qualitative according to the elements of the Islamic city and has been done descriptively-analytically. The method of collecting information is in the form of libraries and documents, which has been done in the Islamic city due to the question-oriented nature of this research and addressing the main questions such as what and why and the main components of meaning. In the studies section, according to the explanation of the concept of meaning and semantics and its origin in architectural works, as well as criteria for semantic analysis of urban space, elements such as signs and semiotics as well as art studies are discussed. Then, the significant relationship between meaning and signs and aesthetics in the body of the Islamic city is investigated and an analysis is given in terms of the semantic components of the Islamic city in addition to expressing the nature of the Islamic city, its principles, pillars, elements and expressing the shape of the Islamic city from the perspective of theorists.Results and discussion: According to the mentioned cases, it can be concluded that without the semantic components in the Islamic city (which was mentioned in different parts of this study), the atmosphere of good life, which is the main goal of Islam, can not be achieved. Therefore, based on the mentioned cases, it is possible to explain the semantic components in line with the policy-making of the Islamic city.Conclusion: In this study, the semantic perspective and attention to it, in order to find the facts in urban policy-making has been considered. The significance of semantics in the policy-making of the Islamic city and its form and determining criteria for urban space to create an environment based on the presence of the pillars of Islamic religion in the daily life of society is one of the most basic factors in shaping the Islamic utopia. The policy-making of the main factors in the city, both meaningfully and inherently, and in form and appearance, is based on Islam and its principles. In this regard, paying attention to semiotics and understanding it is very important. Urban policy-making considers signs and semiotics from two perspectives of form and meaning, which can include artistic and aesthetic analyzes. Given the important role of the physic and form in today's societies and the lack of attention to semantic dimensions in urban physics, the politics of the presence and relationship of semantic components in the Islamic city can lead the space to the main Islamic ideals. Thus, when paying attention to physical factors (for example, the construction of mosques and its relationship with other urban areas), the issue of meaning and concept in the nature of phenomena should be considered to be able to use appropriate urban policy to the utopia of Islam acquired. An index is an objective or conceptual tool with or based on which the Islamicity of existing and proposed urban plans can be tested and based on them, executive solutions can be proposed to improve the current situation and planning in line with urban policy-making and design of modern Islamic cities. Also, proper policy-making for designing cities can solve the basic problem of the body in Islamic cities.
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