Abstract—Oxidative stress is among the main causes of developing severe complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). Existing pharmaceuticals, although efficient in reducing the blood glucose level, infrequently demonstrate antioxidant properties. On the other hand, there are many reliable reports about a broad range of biological activity exhibited by photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT). Its potential sugar-lowering and antioxidant action makes this type of therapy a promising option for the treatment of DM and its complications. The effect of PBMT on the state of the antioxidant defense system in blood leukocytes was investigated in rats with streprozocin-induced DM. This study has shown that the PBMT increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rats with DM and normalized the content of oxidative stress markers (thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-active products, oxidatively modified proteins, and protein glycation end products).
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Elbe, H., Vardi, N., Esrefoglu, M., Ates, B., Yologlu, S., and Taskapan, C., Amelioration of strep-tozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy by melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol in rats, Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 2015, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 1–14.https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327114531995
Evan, D.H., Abrahamse, H., Efficacy of three laser wavelengths for in vitro wound healing, Photodermat. Photoimm. Photomed., 2008, vol. 24 no. 4, pp. 199–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.2008.00362.x
Chung, H., Dai, T., Sharma, S.K., Huang, Y.Y., Carroll, J.D., and Hamblin, M.R., The nuts and bolts of low-level laser (light) therapy, Ann. Biomed. Eng., 2012, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 516–533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-011-0454-7
Karmash, O.I., Liuta, M.Y., Yefimenko, N.V., Korobov, A.M., and Sybirna, N.O., The influence of low-level light radiation of red spectrum diapason on glycemic profile and physicochemical characteristics of rat’s erythrocytes in diabetes mellitus, Fiziol. Zh., 2018, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 68– 76. https://doi.org/10.15407/fz64.06.068
Denadai, A.S., Aydos, R.D., Silva, I.S., Olmedo, L., de Senna Cardoso, B.M., da Silva, B.A.K., and de Carvalho, P.T.C., Acute effects of low-level laser therapy (660 nm) on oxidative stress levels in diabetic rats with skin wounds, Exp. Ther. Oncol., 2017, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 85–89.
Korolyuk, M.A., Ivanova, I.H., and Maiorova, I.H., Method for the determination of catalase activity, Lab. Delo, 1988, no. 1, pp. 16–19.
Hnatush, A.R., Drel, V.R., Yalaneckyy, A.Ya., Mizin, V.I., Zagoruyko, V.A., Gerzhykova, V.G., and Sybirna, N.O., The antioxidant effect of natural polyphenolic complexes of grape wine in the rat retina under streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus., Biol. Stud., 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 61–72. https://doi.org/10.30970/sbi.0502.156
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., and Randall, R.J., Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent, J. Biol. Chem., 1951, vol. 193, no. 1, pp. 265–275.
Meshchyshyn, I.F., Method for the determination of proteins oxidative modification, Bukov. Med. Visn., 1999, no. 1, pp. 196–205.
Witko-Sarsat, V., Friedlander, M., Capeillere-Blandin, C., Nguyen-Khoa, T., Nguyen, A.T., Zingraff, J., Jungers, P., and Descamps-Latscha, B., Advanced oxidation protein products as a novel marker of oxidative stress in uremia, Kidney Int., 1996, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 1304–1313. https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.1996.186
Kalousová, M., Skrha, J., and Zima, T., Advanced glycation end-products and advanced oxidation protein products in patients with diabetes mellitus, Physiol. Res., 2002, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 597–604.
Swathi, P. and Kilari, E., A review on methods of estimation of advanced glycation end products, World J. Pharm. Res., 2015, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 689–699.
Timirbulatov, R.A. and Selesnev, E.I., Method for increasing the free-radical oxidation of lipid-containing blood components and its diagnostical meaning, Lab. Delo, 1981, no. 4, pp. 209–211.
De Marchi, T., Leal Junior, E.C., Bortoli, C, Tomazoni, S.S., Lopes-Martins, R.A., and Salvador, M., Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in human progressive-intensity running: effects on exercise performance, skeletal muscle status, and oxidative stress, Lasers Med. Sci., 2012, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 231–236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0955-5
Guaraldo, S.A., Serra, A.J., Amadio, E.M., Antonio, E.L., Silva, F., Portes, LA., Tucci, P.J.F., Leal-Junior, E.C.P., and de Tarso Camillo de Carvalho, P., The effect of low-level laser therapy on oxidative stress and functional fitness in aged rats subjected to swimming: an aerobic exercise, Lasers Med. Sci., 2016, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 833–840. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1882-2
Dos Santos, S.A., Dos Santos Vieira, M.A., Simxes, M.C.B., Serra, A.J., Leal-Junior, E.C., and de Carvalho, P.T.C., Photobiomodulation therapy associated with treadmill training in the oxidative stress in a collagen-induced arthritis model, Lasers Med. Sci., 2017, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 1071–1079. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2209-7
Ibuki, F.K., Simxes, A., Nicolau, J., and Nogueira, F.N., Laser irradiation affects enzymatic antioxidant system of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Lasers Med. Sci., 2013, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 911–918. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1173-5
Lim, J., Ali, Z.M., Sanders, R.A., Snyder, A.C., Eells, J.T., Henshel, D.S., Watkins, J.B., Effects of low-level light therapy on hepatic antioxidant defense in acute and chronic diabetic rats, Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 2009, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.20257
Lim, J., Sanders, R.A., Snyder, A.C., Eells, J.T., Henshel, D.S., and Watkins, J.B., Effects of low-level light therapy on streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B., 2010, vol. 99, no. 2, pp. 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphoto-biol.2010.03.00
Hamblin, M.R. and Demidova, T.N., Mechanisms of low-level light therapy, Proc. SPIE, 2006, vol. 6140, no. 1, pp. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.646294
Karu, T., Is it time to consider photobiomodulation as a drug equivalent?, Photomed. Laser Surg., 2013, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 189–191. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2013.3510
Chen, C.H., Wang, C.Z., Wang, Y.H., Liao, W.T., Chen, Y.J., Kuo, C.H., Kuo, H.F., and Hung, C.H., Effects of low-level laser therapy on M1-related cytokine expression in monocytes via histone modification, Mediat. Inflamm., 2014, vol. 2014, pp. 1– 13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/625048
Drel, V.R. and Sybirna, N., Protective effects of polyphenolics in red wine on diabetes associated oxidative/nitrative stress in streptozotocin-diabetic rats, Cell Biol. Int., 2010, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 1147–1153. https://doi.org/10.1042/CBI20100201
Lima, P.L.V., Pereira, C.V., Nissanka, N., Arguello, T., Gavini, G., Maranduba, C.M.D.C., Diaz, F., and Moraes, C.T., Photobiomodulation enhancement of cell proliferation at 660 nm does not require cytochrome c oxidase, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, 2019, vol. 194, pp. 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphoto-biol.2019.03.015
Amaroli, A., Ferrando, S., and Benedicenti, S., Photobiomodulation affects key cellular pathways of all life-forms: considerations on old and new laser light targets and the calcium issue, Photochem. Photobiol., 2019, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 455–459. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.13032
Martin, K.R. and Barrett, J.C., Reactive oxygen species as double-edged swords in cellular processes: low-dose cell signaling versus high-dose toxicity, Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 2002, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1191/0960327102ht213oa
Sperandio, F.F., Giudice, F.S., Corria, L., Pinto, D.S. Jr., Hamblin, M.R., and de Sousa, S.C, Low-level laser therapy can produce increased aggressiveness of dysplastic and oral cancer cell lines by modulation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, J. Biophotonics, 2013, vol. 6, no. 10, pp. 839–847. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.201300015
Batinic-Haberle, I., Tovmasyan, A., Roberts, E.R., Vujaskovic, Z., Leong, K.W., and Spasojevic, I., SOD therapeutics: latest insights into their structure–activity relationships and impact on the cellular redox-based signaling pathways, Antioxid. Red. Signal., 2014, vol. 20, no. 15, pp. 2372–415. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2012.5147
Ellis, E.M., Reactive carbonyls and oxidative stress: potential for therapeutic intervention, Pharmacol. Ther., 2007, vol. 115, no. 1, pp. 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.03.015
Qian, W., Zhao-Ming, Z., Ying, P., Ji-Huan, Z., Shuai, Z., Si-Yuan, Z., and Jian-Ting, C., Advanced oxidation protein products as a novel marker of oxidative stress in postmenopausal osteoporosis, Med. Sci. Monit., 2015, vol. 21, pp. 2428– 2432. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.894347
Bochi, G.V., Torbitz, V.D., de Campos, L.P., Sangoi, M.B., Fernandes, N.F., Gomes, P., Moretto, M.B., Barbisan, F., da Cruz, I.B., and Moresco, R.N., In vitro oxidation of collagen promotes the formation of advanced oxidation protein products and the activation of human neutrophils, Inflammation, 2016, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 916–927. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-016-0325-3
Merhi, Z., Kandaraki, E.A., and Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Implications and future perspectives of AGEs in PCOS pathophysiology, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 2019, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 150–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2019.01.005
Deluyker, D., Evens, L., and Bito, V., Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and cardiovascular dysfunction: focus on high molecular weight AGEs, Amino Acids, 2017, vol. 49, no. 9, pp. 1535–1541. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-017-2464-8
Huang, L., Jiang, X., Gong, L., Xing, D., Photoactivation of Akt1/GSK3β isoform-specific signaling axis promotes pancreatic β-cell regeneration, J. Cell Biochem., 2015, vol. 116, no. 8, pp. 1741–1754. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.25133
Vrhovac, I., Breljak, D., and Sabolic, I., Glucose transporters in the mammalian blood cells, Periodic. Biologor., 2014, vol. 116, no. 2, pp. 131–138.
Kipmen-Korgun, D., Bilmen-Sarikcioglu, S., Altunbas, H., Demir, R., and Korgun, E.T., Type-2 diabetes down-regulates glucose transporter proteins and genes of the human blood leukocytes, Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest., 2009, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 350–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/00365510802632163
Simpson, I.A., Dwyer, D., Malide, D., Moley, K.H., Travis, A., and Vannucci, S.J., The facilitative glucose transporter GLUT3: 20 years of distinction, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 2008, vol. 295, no. 2, pp. 242–253. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo. 90388.2008
Ueda-Wakagi, M., Hayashibara, K., Nagano, T., Ikeda, M., Yuan, S., Ueda, S., Shirai, Y., Yoshida, K.I., and Ashida, H., Epigallocatechin gallate induces GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle through both PI3K- and AMPK-dependent pathways, Food Funct., 2018, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 4223–4233. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FO00807H
Krook, A., Wallberg-Henriksson, H., and Zierath, J.R., Sending the signal: molecular mechanisms regulating glucose uptake, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 2004, vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 1212–1217. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000132387.25853.3B
Thomas, M.C., Forbes, J.M., and Cooper, M.E., Advanced glycation end products and diabetic nephropathy, Am. J. Ther., 2005, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 562–572. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASN.00000-77413.41276.17
Dzydzan, O., Bila, I., Kucharska, A.Z., Brodyak, I., and Sybirna, N., Antidiabetic effects of extracts of red and yellow fruits of cornelian cherries (Cornus mas L.) on rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, Food Funct., 2019, pp. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FO00515C
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
FUNDING
This study did not receive any particular grant from any financial organizations in the state, commercial, or noncommercial sectors.
COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS
Conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Statement on the welfare of animals. All our studies involving the use of animals were performed with the observation of the recommendations of the General Ethical Principles of Animal Experiments approved by the First National Congress for Bioethics (Kyiv, 2001), which corresponds to the provisions of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (Strasbourg, 1986).
Additional information
Translated by N. Tarasyuk
About this article
Cite this article
Karmash, O.I., Liuta, M.Y., Korobov, A.M. et al. Effect of Photomodulation Therapy on Development of Oxidative Stress in Blood Leukocytes of Rats with Streptozocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus. Cytol. Genet. 54, 456–464 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452720050114
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452720050114