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Somatic Cell Alterations in Interespecific Hybrids of Cenchrus purpureum (Schumach.) and Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone by Genomic in Situ Hybridization

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Abstract

The cross between Cenchrus purpureum (Schumach.) (Napier grass) and Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone (pearl millet) produce triploid and sterile hybrids. Chromosome doubling used to restore the fertility of the triploid hybrids produces hexaploid material that are mixoploid, but with desirable forage characteristics. Even backcrosses result in tetraploid and pentaploid mixoploid materials. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of chromosome abnormalities in somatic cells of hybrids originated by backcross to compare with those found in synthetic hexaploid hybrids finding if there is a most stable material. To identify the abnormalities it was used the genomic in situ hybridization. The cell cycle analysis revealed similar frequencies and types of alterations both in the hexaploid and in hybrids originating from backcrosses. Chromosome elimination was reported in all types of hybrids. It was found micronuclei, not-oriented chromosomes at metaphase, lost chromosome at anaphase/telophase and bridges at anaphase involving chromosomes from Napier grass and pearl millet in all hybrids analyzed independently of ploidy level.

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Funding

The authors would like to thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico—CNPq, the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais—FAPEMIG, and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—CAPES, for financial support to the research and granting of scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brasil

    G. B. Reis, L. F. Andrade-Vieira & L. C. Davide

  2. Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil

    A. T. Mesquita

  3. Laboratório de Genética Vegetal, Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil

    A. L. S. Azevedo

Authors
  1. G. B. Reis
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  2. A. T. Mesquita
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  3. L. F. Andrade-Vieira
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  4. A. L. S. Azevedo
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  5. L. C. Davide
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. F. Andrade-Vieira.

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COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION STATEMENT

GBR and ATM conducted experiments. LFAV analyzed data. ALSA conceived and provided the genetic material. LCD designed research. GBR and LCD wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Reis, G.B., Mesquita, A.T., Andrade-Vieira, L.F. et al. Somatic Cell Alterations in Interespecific Hybrids of Cenchrus purpureum (Schumach.) and Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone by Genomic in Situ Hybridization. Cytol. Genet. 55, 194–198 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452721020146

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