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Cerium Effect on the Phase Composition and Crystallization Behavior of Aluminum Casting Alloys Based on the Al–Mg–Si System

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Abstract

Using a Thermo-Calc software package (TCAl4.0 database), unexplored data concerning the phase composition and crystallization behavior of Al–Mg–Si–Ce alloys have been obtained in the composition range of two-phase cast aluminum-magnesium alloys such as (Al) + Mg2Si. It is shown that phases such as (Al), Al4Ce, Mg2Si, and Al8Mg5 can form in the course of crystallization. At a concentration of Mg amounting to 4% and at a concentration of (Si + Сe) = 1.5%, a simultaneous increase in Ce and decrease in Si from 0.2 and 1.3%, respectively, allow consecutive reactions L + (Al) + Al4Ce and L + (Al) + Al4Ce + Mg2Si to occur. This makes it possible to propose that the Al4Ce phase can hinder the growth of the eutectic Mg2Si phase. Moreover, at a temperature of 20°С, such a change in concentrations decreases the amount of Mg2Si and increases the fraction of the Al8Mg5 phase, which is also accompanied by a decrease in the amount of magnesium silicide. When adding Ce in the Al–4% Ce–0.5% Si alloy, the fraction of Mg2Si is approximately constant throughout the entire crystallization range (1.34%), but each 0.1% of Ce results in a 0.17% increase in the fraction of the Ce-containing intermetallic compound, whereas, at 0.7% of Ce, the fractions of the two phases become equal. In studying the phase composition upon characteristic annealing-temperature values amounting to 400 and 550°С, it has been revealed that, due to the Al8Mg5 phase dissolving, the (Al) solid solution becomes supersaturated. Every 0.1% of Ce leads to a 0.005% increase in the Mg content in (Al) at 400°С and to a 0.01% increase in that at 500°С, which could indicate the potentialities of a positive Ce effect on matrix strengthening. Based on the results, it has been concluded that it is worthwhile to add Ce in an amount of up to 0.7%, which leads to slightly decreasing liquidus temperature (~636–638°С), but results in a 30°С decrease in the nonequilibrium solidus temperature to 421ºС. At the same time, at a constant temperature of the Mg2Si phase formation (581°С), upon adding Ce, the crystallization range of the (Al) + Al4Ce eutectic expands, which can compensate for the deterioration of casting properties. The Al–4% of Ce–0.5% Si–0.7% Ce alloy has the following phase composition: Al4Ce 1.19%; ratio [Mg2Si/Al4Ce] = 0.89; and fraction of Al8Mg5 of 7.92% at 20°С and 3.22 and 3.36% Mg in (Al) at temperatures of 400 and 550°С, respectively. These results can be the basis for further experimental studies to justify the compositions and temperature modes required for obtaining aluminum-magnesium cast alloys containing Ce that exert a modifying effect on the eutectic Mg2Si inclusions.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 20-19-00687.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wuhan Textile University, 430073, Wuhan, China

    V. B. Deev

  2. National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049, Moscow, Russia

    V. B. Deev & P. K. Shurkin

  3. Stoletov State University, 600000, Vladimir, Russia

    E. S. Prusov

  4. Pacific State University, 680035, Khabarovsk, Russia

    E. H. Ri

  5. Siberian Federal University, 660041, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

    S. V. Smetanyuk

Authors
  1. V. B. Deev
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  2. E. S. Prusov
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  3. P. K. Shurkin
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  4. E. H. Ri
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  5. S. V. Smetanyuk
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Correspondence to V. B. Deev, E. S. Prusov, P. K. Shurkin, E. H. Ri or S. V. Smetanyuk.

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Translated by O. Polyakov

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Deev, V.B., Prusov, E.S., Shurkin, P.K. et al. Cerium Effect on the Phase Composition and Crystallization Behavior of Aluminum Casting Alloys Based on the Al–Mg–Si System. Russ. J. Non-ferrous Metals 62, 424–430 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1067821221040064

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1067821221040064

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