요양보호사는 노인장기요양보험 수급대상자에게 적절한 양질의 요양서비스를 제공하며 노인요양에 필요한 전문인력 중에서 많은 수를 차지하고 있다. 하지만 요양보호사는 업무특성상 많은 소진을 겪고 있으며 이는 개인의 신체적, 심리적, 정신적 측면에서 부정적 영향을 미치며. 고령화시대의 노인복지정책에 영향을 미치므로 요양보호사의 소진을 방지할 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 요양보호기관의 요양보호사 288명을 중심으로 소진에 관련된 변인들이 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 분석하였다. 직무관련객관적..주관적변인, 직무만족이 사회인구학적 변인에 따라 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 알아보기 위해 t- test, ANOVA분석을 실시한 결과, 요양보호사의 인구사회학적 요인(결혼상태, 연령, 학력, 생활수준, 종교)에 따라 소진에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연령이 많아질수록 직무만족이 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 학력이 높아질수록 소진이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 생활수준이 높아질수록 가족이나 주위의 관심지지도가 높아지며, 종교가 없는 경우(기독교) 소진이 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며 이직회수가 많을수록 직무만족이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 소진은 높은 이직률, 클라이언트에 대한 서비스 질 저하, 요양보호사의 사기저하 등과 밀접하게 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 건강상태, 업무보람, 업무부상은 직업긍지, 관심지지도, 어르신과의 관계, 보호자와의 관계, 업무욕구충족, 업무지속의지, 소진에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 소진은 신체적 정신적 건강문제와 관련되어 있으며 일반적인 휴먼서비스 영역에서 경험되는 소진은 업무보람, 업무부상, 이직의도에 연관이 있음을 알 수 있다.
인구사회학적 특성에 따른 직무관련변인(객관적･주관적), 직무만족, 소진에 미치는 영향력을 확인하기 위해 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 1단계에서 결혼상태는 기혼일수록, 생활수준은 낮을수록, 종교는 기독교보다 없는 경우 소진정도가 높은 것으로 나타났으며 2단계는 실무경력은 1년 미만일수록, 업무보람이 적을수록, 업무부상이 많을수록 소진정도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3단계에서는 결혼상태는 기혼인 경우, 종교는 기독교보다 없는 경우, 업무부상 정도가 심할수록, 직무만족이 높을수록 소진 정도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과에서 자신의 직무에 만족이 높을수록 소진정도가 높은 것은 소진방지를 위해 지속적인 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.
고령화시대에 노인복지정책이 정착되기 위해서는 노인들에게 요양보호서비스를 직접 제공하는 요양보호사들이 소진되지 않기 위해서는 요양업무를 통해 보람을 느끼고 자신의 생활과 연관되어 다른사람의 관심과 지지를 받아야 하며 이들이 지속적으로 업무할 수 있도록 질적인 서비스제공과 함께 사회적 인식변화인 요양환경개선이 요구된다.
The nursing care provider provides appropriate quality care services for the elderly receiving long-term care insurance recipients. Care providers account for the largest number of skilled workers needed for elderly care. The exhaustion of caregivers has a negative impact on the individual’s physical, psychological and psychological aspects. Since nursing care workers have a great influence on the welfare policy of the elderly in the age of aging, measures are needed to prevent exhaustion of care workers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of variables related to burnout on 288 caregivers of nursing home teachers. The t-test and ANOVA analysis were conducted to examine the effect of job exhaustion on job-related objective variables, job-related subjective variables, and job satisfaction according to demographic variables. The exhaustion of caregivers has a great impact on demographic factors(marital status, age, education level, living standards, religion). The higher the age, the higher the job satisfaction. The higher the education level, the higher the burnout. The higher the standard of living, the higher the degree of support for family and surroundings, and the higher the level of exhaustion(Christianity) in the absence of religion. The higher the turnover, the higher the job satisfaction. Exhaustion was closely related to high turnover, deterioration of service quality for clients, and decline of morale of caregivers. Health status, job reward and job injury were related to job pride, interest support, elderly, Relationship, job satisfaction, job commitment, and exhaustion. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of socio-demographic characteristics on job-related objective factors, job-related subjective variables, job satisfaction, and job exhaustion. In the first stage, marital status was higher in married, lower living standards, and less religion than Christianity. In the second stage, work experience was less than one year, work less rewarding, and job injuries were more frequent. In the third stage, it was found that marriage status was married rather than widowed, religion was less than Christianity, severity of work injury was higher, job satisfaction was higher when job satisfaction was higher. Care providers play a role of directly providing care services to the elderly at home and at the facility in the age of aging. The services provided by caregivers enable the elderly to live more comfortably and satisfactorily, and also have a significant impact on the quality of life and welfare of the elderly. In order for caregivers to be exhausted, they should feel reassurance through nursing care services and receive other people’s attention and support in connection with their lives. In addition, in order to establish the welfare policy for the elderly in the age of aging, it is necessary to provide nursing care services and provide quality services for the nursing care workers to continue their nursing care work, and to improve the nursing environment.
The nursing care provider provides appropriate quality care services for the elderly receiving long-term care insurance recipients. Care providers account for the largest number of skilled workers needed for elderly care. The exhaustion of caregivers has a negative impact on the individual’s physical, psychological and psychological aspects. Since nursing care workers have a great influence on the welfare policy of the elderly in the age of aging, measures are needed to prevent exhaustion of care workers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of variables related to burnout on 288 caregivers of nursing home teachers. The t-test and ANOVA analysis were conducted to examine the effect of job exhaustion on job-related objective variables, job-related subjective variables, and job satisfaction according to demographic variables. The exhaustion of caregivers has a great impact on demographic factors(marital status, age, education level, living standards, religion). The higher the age, the higher the job satisfaction. The higher the education level, the higher the burnout. The higher the standard of living, the higher the degree of support for family and surroundings, and the higher the level of exhaustion(Christianity) in the absence of religion. The higher the turnover, the higher the job satisfaction. Exhaustion was closely related to high turnover, deterioration of service quality for clients, and decline of morale of caregivers. Health status, job reward and job injury were related to job pride, interest support, elderly, Relationship, job satisfaction, job commitment, and exhaustion. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of socio-demographic characteristics on job-related objective factors, job-related subjective variables, job satisfaction, and job exhaustion. In the first stage, marital status was higher in married, lower living standards, and less religion than Christianity. In the second stage, work experience was less than one year, work less rewarding, and job injuries were more frequent. In the third stage, it was found that marriage status was married rather than widowed, religion was less than Christianity, severity of work injury was higher, job satisfaction was higher when job satisfaction was higher. Care providers play a role of directly providing care services to the elderly at home and at the facility in the age of aging. The services provided by caregivers enable the elderly to live more comfortably and satisfactorily, and also have a significant impact on the quality of life and welfare of the elderly. In order for caregivers to be exhausted, they should feel reassurance through nursing care services and receive other people’s attention and support in connection with their lives. In addition, in order to establish the welfare policy for the elderly in the age of aging, it is necessary to provide nursing care services and provide quality services for the nursing care workers to continue their nursing care work, and to improve the nursing environment.
