Abstract
References
- Singh JA, Siddiqi M, Parameshwar P, Chandra-Mouli V. World Health Organization guidance on ethical considerations in planning and reviewing research studies on sexual and reproductive health in adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2019; 64: 427-9.
- Agampodi TC, Wickramasinghe ND, Jayakodi HG, et al. The hidden burden of adolescent pregnancies in rural Sri Lanka; findings of the Rajarata Pregnancy Cohort. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21: 494.
- Kaya AE, Dogan O, Basbug A, Sonmez CI, Sungur MA, Ataoglu S. An Evaluation of the Association of Reproductive History and Multiple Births during Adolescence with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019; 79: 300-7.
- Yuce T, Kalafat E, Koc A. Adolescent pregnancy; a determinant of bone mineral density in peri-menopausal women? Maturitas 2015; 82: 203-7.
- Bezerra FF, Mendonca LM, Lobato EC, O'Brien KO, Donangelo CM. Bone mass is recovered from lactation to postweaning in adolescent mothers with low calcium intakes. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80: 1322-6.
- Lloyd T, Lin HM, Eggli DF, Dodson WC, Demers LM, Legro RS. Adolescent Caucasian mothers have reduced adult hip bone density. Fertil Steril 2002; 77: 136-40.
- Kanis JA, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, et al. European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30: 3-44.
- Yumusakhuylu Y, Turgut ST, Icagasioglu A, et al. Bone mineral changes during pregnancy and lactation. Gynecol Endocrinol 2013; 29: 763-6.
- Cross NA, Hillman LS, Allen SH, Krause GF, Vieira NE. Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism during pregnancy, lactation, and postweaning: a longitudinal study. Am J Clin Nutr 1995; 61: 514-23.
- Hellmeyer L, Ossendorf A, Ziller V, Tekesin I, Schmidt S, Hadji P. Quantitative ultrasonometry of the phalanges during pregnancy: a longitudinal study. Climacteric 2006; 9: 446-51.
- Karlsson C, Obrant KJ, Karlsson M. Pregnancy and lactation confer reversible bone loss in humans. Osteoporos Int 2001; 12: 828-34.
- Ensom MH, Liu PY, Stephenson MD. Effect of pregnancy on bone mineral density in healthy women. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2002; 57: 99-111.
- Bryce J, Boschi-Pinto C, Shibuya K, Black RE, Group WHOCHER. WHO estimates of the causes of death in children. Lancet 2005; 365: 1147-52.
- Bachrach LK. Hormonal Contraception and Bone Health in Adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11: 603.
- Salles JP. Bone metabolism during pregnancy. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2016; 77: 163-8.
- Crandall CJ, Liu J, Cauley J, et al. Associations of Parity, Breastfeeding, and Fractures in the Women's Health Observational Study. Obstet Gynecol 2017; 130: 171-80.
- Cho GJ, Shin JH, Yi KW, et al. Adolescent pregnancy is associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2012; 19: 456-60.
- Loro ML, Sayre J, Roe TF, Goran MI, Kaufman FR, Gilsanz V. Early identification of children predisposed to low peak bone mass and osteoporosis later in life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 3908-18.
- Chauhan K, Shahrokhi M, Huecker MR. Vitamin D. StatPearls Treasure Island (FL)2022.
- Suganthan N, Kumanan T, Kesavan V, Aravinthan M, Rajeshkannan N. Vitamin D status among postmenopausal osteoporotic women: a hospital based cross-sectional study from Northern Sri Lanka. BMC Nutr 2020; 6: 15.
- Ocal DF, Aycan Z, Dagdeviren G, Kanbur N, Kucukozkan T, Derman O. Vitamin D deficiency in adolescent pregnancy and obstetric outcomes. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 58: 778-83.
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to investigate the effect of adolescent pregnancies on bone mineral density in the postmenopausal period and to contribute to this controversial issue.
Material and Method: Our study included 70 women at postmenopausal ages. The participants were divided into two groups. Thirty-five women with a history of pregnancy in adolescence were considered group 1, and 35 women without a history of pregnancy were considered group 2. The BMD was measured in the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine. The data were compared using SPSS version 26, and p<0.05 was accepted as a statistical significance level.
Results: While there was a statistically significant difference between the femoral neck and total femur T scores measured in BMD in patients with and without a history of adolescent pregnancies, no statistically significant difference was found between the lumbar spine 1, 2, 3, 4 and total L1-L4 spines T scores.
Conclusion: There is no consensus in the literature on the effect of adolescent pregnancy on BMD and bone mass. The results of the studies differ from each other. Our study showed a statistically significant difference between the groups in the femoral T scores measured in BMD, but no difference was found between the lumbar T scores.
References
- Singh JA, Siddiqi M, Parameshwar P, Chandra-Mouli V. World Health Organization guidance on ethical considerations in planning and reviewing research studies on sexual and reproductive health in adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2019; 64: 427-9.
- Agampodi TC, Wickramasinghe ND, Jayakodi HG, et al. The hidden burden of adolescent pregnancies in rural Sri Lanka; findings of the Rajarata Pregnancy Cohort. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21: 494.
- Kaya AE, Dogan O, Basbug A, Sonmez CI, Sungur MA, Ataoglu S. An Evaluation of the Association of Reproductive History and Multiple Births during Adolescence with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019; 79: 300-7.
- Yuce T, Kalafat E, Koc A. Adolescent pregnancy; a determinant of bone mineral density in peri-menopausal women? Maturitas 2015; 82: 203-7.
- Bezerra FF, Mendonca LM, Lobato EC, O'Brien KO, Donangelo CM. Bone mass is recovered from lactation to postweaning in adolescent mothers with low calcium intakes. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80: 1322-6.
- Lloyd T, Lin HM, Eggli DF, Dodson WC, Demers LM, Legro RS. Adolescent Caucasian mothers have reduced adult hip bone density. Fertil Steril 2002; 77: 136-40.
- Kanis JA, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, et al. European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30: 3-44.
- Yumusakhuylu Y, Turgut ST, Icagasioglu A, et al. Bone mineral changes during pregnancy and lactation. Gynecol Endocrinol 2013; 29: 763-6.
- Cross NA, Hillman LS, Allen SH, Krause GF, Vieira NE. Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism during pregnancy, lactation, and postweaning: a longitudinal study. Am J Clin Nutr 1995; 61: 514-23.
- Hellmeyer L, Ossendorf A, Ziller V, Tekesin I, Schmidt S, Hadji P. Quantitative ultrasonometry of the phalanges during pregnancy: a longitudinal study. Climacteric 2006; 9: 446-51.
- Karlsson C, Obrant KJ, Karlsson M. Pregnancy and lactation confer reversible bone loss in humans. Osteoporos Int 2001; 12: 828-34.
- Ensom MH, Liu PY, Stephenson MD. Effect of pregnancy on bone mineral density in healthy women. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2002; 57: 99-111.
- Bryce J, Boschi-Pinto C, Shibuya K, Black RE, Group WHOCHER. WHO estimates of the causes of death in children. Lancet 2005; 365: 1147-52.
- Bachrach LK. Hormonal Contraception and Bone Health in Adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11: 603.
- Salles JP. Bone metabolism during pregnancy. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2016; 77: 163-8.
- Crandall CJ, Liu J, Cauley J, et al. Associations of Parity, Breastfeeding, and Fractures in the Women's Health Observational Study. Obstet Gynecol 2017; 130: 171-80.
- Cho GJ, Shin JH, Yi KW, et al. Adolescent pregnancy is associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2012; 19: 456-60.
- Loro ML, Sayre J, Roe TF, Goran MI, Kaufman FR, Gilsanz V. Early identification of children predisposed to low peak bone mass and osteoporosis later in life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 3908-18.
- Chauhan K, Shahrokhi M, Huecker MR. Vitamin D. StatPearls Treasure Island (FL)2022.
- Suganthan N, Kumanan T, Kesavan V, Aravinthan M, Rajeshkannan N. Vitamin D status among postmenopausal osteoporotic women: a hospital based cross-sectional study from Northern Sri Lanka. BMC Nutr 2020; 6: 15.
- Ocal DF, Aycan Z, Dagdeviren G, Kanbur N, Kucukozkan T, Derman O. Vitamin D deficiency in adolescent pregnancy and obstetric outcomes. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 58: 778-83.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
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| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Original Article |
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| Publication Date | March 27, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 |
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