Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal. 2019. № 2(30). P. 127—136
03.00.00 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
UDC 582.684.1:581.48:581.522.4 (470.13)
Echishvili Elmira Elizbarovna, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher
Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Portnyagina Nadezhda Vasilyevna, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher
Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SEEDS OF Hypericum perforatum L. AND Hypericum maculatum Crantz IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTRODUCTION (THE KOMI REPUBLIC)
Abstract
The paper presents the results of laboratory seed studies of 31 samples of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum maculatum Crantz of different geographical origin and shelf life, attracted to the study from delectuses of other botanical gardens and abroad. The germination energy and seed germination, the mass of 1000 seeds picked from the collection of plants of the Botanical Garden of the Institute of Biology, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences have been determined. The influence of the meteorological conditions of the growing season, the shelf life of seeds and the age of plants on seed germination have been studied. It has been established that the seeds of Hypericum begin to germinate on the 5th—7th day. The period of seed germination is 10—19 days. In favorable vegetation seasons, H. perforatum forms seeds with high germination rates (up to 96%) and a mass of 1000 pieces seeds (up to 0.11 g). In less favorable environmental conditions, the sowing qualities of seeds decreased by an average of 20%, and the period of seed germination increased by 4—6 days. The sowing qualities of H. maculatum seeds were characterized by stable indexes in all seasons. The shelf life of seeds of both species was 6 years.
Key words
Hypericum perforatum, Hypericum maculatum, medicinal plant, germination energy, seed germination, mass of 1000 seeds, meteorological conditions of the growing season, periods of seed storage, age of plants.
1. Atlas lekarstvennykh rastenii Rossii [Atlas of medicinal plants of Russia]. Moscow, VILAR Publ., 2006. 376 p. (In Russian)
2. Bal’ochyute Ya. P., Dagite S. Yu. Issledovanie biologii semyan i kachestva syr’ya zveroboya prodyryavlennogo [Study of seed biology and the quality of raw materials of Hypericum perforatum]. Lekarstvennye rasteniya narodnomu khozyaistvu: tez. Respublikanskogo soveshchaniya [Medicinal plants for the national economy. Theses of the Republican meeting]. Kaunas, 1986, pp. 12—13. (In Russian).
3. Bayandina I. I. Soderzhanie biologicheski aktivnykh veshchestv u kul’tiviruemogo zveroboya prodyryavlennogo: avtoref. dis. … kand. biol. nauk [The content of biologically active substances in the cultured Hypericum perforatum. Abstr. Cand. Dis.]. Novosibirsk, 1995. 14 p. (In Russian)
4. Vainagii I. V. O metodike izucheniya semennoi produktivnosti rastenii [On the method of studying the seed productivity of plants]. Botanicheskii zhurnal, 1974, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 826—830. (In Russian)
5. Gontar’ E. M., Godin V. N. Ontogenez zveroboya prodyryavlennogo (Hypericum perforatum L.) [Ontogenesis of Hypericum perforatum L.]. Ontogeneticheskii atlas lekarstvennykh rastenii [Ontogenetic Atlas of Medicinal Plants]. Ioshkar-Ola, MarGU Publ., 2002, vol. 3, pp. 206—213. (In Russian)
6. Gontar’ E. M., Kurochkina N. Yu. Vozrastnaya struktura tsenopopulyatsii Hypericum perforatum L. (Clusiaceae), Polemonium caeruleum (Polemoniaceae) i Primula macrocalyx (Primulaceae) v Khakasii, na Altae i v Vostochnom Kazakhstane [Age structure of coenopopulation of Hypericum perforatum L. (Clusiaceae), Polemonium caeruleum (Polemoniaceae) and Primula macrocalyx (Primulaceae) in Khakassia, Altai and East Kazakhstan]. Rastitel’nye resursy, 2005, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 17—27. (In Russian)
7. Gosudarstvennaya farmakopeya SSSR. Vyp. 2. Obshchie metody analiza. Lekarstvennoe rastitel’noe syr’e [State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR. Is. 2. General methods of analysis. Medicinal plant materials]. 11ed. Moscow, Meditsina Publ., 1989. 400 p. (In Russian)
8. Dikorastushchie lekarstvennye rasteniya Rossii: sbor, sushka, podgotovka syr’ya [Wild medicinal plants of Russia: collection, drying, preparation of raw materials]. Moscow, FGBNU VILAR Publ., 2015. 344 p. (In Russian)
9. Egoshina T. L., Pomelov A. V. Vozdelyvanie lekarstvennykh rastenii v usloviyakh Volgo-Vyatskogo regiona (metodicheskie rekomendatsii) [Cultivation of medicinal plants in the Volga-Vyatka region (guidelines)]. Kirov, 2003. 162 p. (In Russian)
10. Zaitsev G. N. Metodika biometricheskikh raschetov [Method of biometric calculations]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973. 256 p. (In Russian)
11. Lekarstvennoe rastitel’noe syr’e, primenyaemoe v meditsinskoi praktike v SSSR: ukazatel’ [Medicinal plant raw materials used in medical practice in the USSR. Index list]. Leningrad, LKhFI Publ., 1991. 53 p. (In Russian)
12. Leshchankina V. V., Kudashkina Z. P. Morfologicheskie osobennosti nekotorykh vidov Hypericum L. pri introduktsii v Mordoviyu [Morphological features of some species of Hypericum L. when introduced into Mordovia]. Rastitel’nye resursy, 1989, no. 3, pp. 380—387. (In Russian)
13. Mel’nikova T. M. K biologii prorastaniya semyan nekotorykh vidov zveroboya [By the biology of seed germination of some species of Hypericum]. Byulleten’ Glavnogo botanicheskogo sada, Moscow, 1969, is. 73, pp. 87—90. (In Russian)
14. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po provedeniyu issledovanii v semenovodstve mnogoletnikh trav [Guidelines for conducting research in the seed of perennial grasses]. Moscow, VNII kormov im. V. R. Vil’yamsa Publ., 1986. 134 p. (In Russian)
15. Nekrasov V. I. Razrabotka voprosov semenovedeniya introdutsiruemykh rastenii v botanicheskikh sadakh SSSR [Development of seed problems of introduced plants in the botanical gardens of the USSR]. Uspekhi introduktsii rastenii [Advances in plant introductions]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973, pp. 290—299. (In Russian)
16. Portnyagina N. V., Echishvili E. E., Punegov V. V., Mishurov V. P. Resursnaya kharakteristika Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) v usloviyakh introduktsii (Respublika Komi) [Resource characteristics of Hypericum perforatum (Hypericaceae) under introduction (Komi republic)]. Rastitel’nye resursy, 2009, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 49—58. (In Russian)
17. Portnyagina N. V., Echishvili E. E., Mishurov V. P. Ontogenez Hypericum perforatum L. v kul’ture na Severe [Ontogenesis of Hypericum perforatum L. in the North]. Introduktsiya rastenii: teoreticheskie, metodicheskie i prikladnye problemy: materialy mezhdunar. konf., posvyashch. 70-letiyu Botanicheskogo sadainstituta MarGTU i 70-letiyu prof. M. M. Kotova [Plant introduction: theoretical, methodical and applied problems. Proceed. of Internat. conf., dedicated the 70th anniversary of the Botanical Garden-Institute of MarSTU and the 70th anniversary of prof. M. M. Kotova]. Ioshkar-Ola, 2009, pp. 361—364. (In Russian)
18. Raal A., Pikhlik U., Paaver U., Volmer D., Meos A. Vliyanie gustoty posadki Hypericum perforatum L. na ego razvitie i soderzhanie deistvuyushchikh veshchestv [Influence of planting density of Hypericum perforatum l. on its development and content of active substances]. Rastitel’nye resursy, 2004, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 36—41. (In Russian)
19. Blinova K. F., Vandyshev V. V., Komarova M. N., Margna U. V., Regir V. G., Selenina L. V., Teslov L. S., Kharitonova N. P., Shatokhina R. K., Yakovlev G. P. Rasteniya dlya nas: spravochnoe izdanie [Plants for us: reference book]. St. Petersburg, Uchebnaya kniga Publ., 1996. 654 p. (In Russian)
20. Semenikhin I. D., Semenikhin V. I. Entsiklopediya lekarstvennykh rastenii, vozdelyvaemykh v Rossii [Encyclopedia of medicinal plants cultivated in Russia]. Vol. 1. Moscow, Shcherbinskaya tipografiya Publ., 2013. 240 p. (In Russian)
21. Svistunova N. Yu., Totskaya S. A., Gryaznov M. Yu., Khazieva F. M. Vliyanie razlichnykh uslovii khraneniya na dolgovechnost’ semyan zveroboya prodyryavlennogo (Hypericum perforatum L.) kollektsii GNU VILAR [The influence of various storage conditions on the durability of the seeds of Hypericum perforatum (Hypericum perforatum L.) of the collection of GNU VILAR]. Molodye uchenye i farmatsiya XXI veka: sbornik nauch. tr. vtoroi nauch.-prakt. konf. Moskva, 11—12 dek. 2014 g. [Young scientists and pharmacy of the XXI century. Proceed. of sci.-pract. conf. Moscow, Dec. 11—12, 2014]. Moscow, VILAR Publ., 2014, pp. 43—46. (In Russian)
22. Tyurina E. V., Shokhina N. K., Gus’kov N. I. Opyt vozdelyvaniya Hypericum perforatum L. v Novosibirskoi oblasti [Cultivation of Hypericum perforatum L. in the Novosibirsk region]. Rastitel’nye resursy, 1983, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 507—512. (In Russian)
23. Echishvili E. E. Biologiya zveroboya prodyryavlennogo (Hypericum perforatum L.) v kul’ture na Severe: avtoref. dis. … kand. biol. nauk [Biology of Hypericum perforatum L. in the North. Abstr. Cand. Dis.]. Syktyvkar, 2010. 18 p. (In Russian)
24. Echishvili E. E., Portnyagina N. V., Smirnova A. N. Osobennosti razvitiya Hypericum perforatum L. i Hypericum maculatum Crantz v kul’ture na Severe i morfobiologicheskie osobennosti ikh semyan [Morphological and biological characteristics of seeds Hypericum perforatum and H. maculatum Crantz growing in the North].Byulleten’ Botanicheskogo sada Saratovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta — Bulletin of Botanic Garden of Saratov State University, 2015, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 128—138. (In Russian)
25. Echishvili E. E., Portnyagina N. V., Punegov V. V., Zainullina K. S. Zveroboi prodyryavlennyi (Hypericum perforatum L.) v kul’ture na evropeiskom Severo-Vostoke [Hypericum perforatum L. in European Northeast European culture]. Syktyvkar, Komi NTs UrO RAN Publ., 2014. 120 p. (In Russian)
26. Barcaccia G., Arzenton F., Sharbel T., Varotto S., Parrini P., Lucchin M. Genetic diversity and reproductive biology in ecotypes of the facultative apomict Hypericum perforatum L. Heredity, 2006, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 322—334.
27. Garcia F., Huertas M., Mora E., Pena B., Varela F., González-Benito M. Hypericum perforatum L. seed germination: Interpopulation variation and effect of light, temperature, presowing treatments and seed desiccation. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2006, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1187—1198.
Bibliography link to this article:
Echishvili E. E., Portnyagina N. V. Biological features of seeds of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hypericum maculatum Crantz in the conditions of introduction (the Komi Republic). Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, 2019, no. 2 (30), pp. 127—136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2019.30.5.