Impact of Nutrition Education on the Compliance with Model Food Ration in 231 Preschools, Poland: Results of Eating Healthy, Growing Healthy Program
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. General Information
2.2. Ethical Approval
2.3. Study Participants
2.4. Study Design and Nutritional Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Food Products | MFR (g) | 60–85% of MFR (g) | Average Daily Supply (g/Child) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Q2 (Median) | Q3 | ||||||
B | PB | B | PB | B | PB | |||
Bread | 150 | 90–128 | 52.7 | 52.4 | 64.3 | 64.3 | 75.5 | 80.1 |
Flour, pasta | 30 | 18–26 | 23.3 | 21.8 | 28.7 * | 27.3 | 36.8 | 33.7 |
Cereals, groats, rice | 35 | 21–30 | 12.8 | 13.7 | 17.7 * | 18.5 | 22.7 | 24.4 |
Potatoes | 200 | 120–170 | 133.2 | 123.2 | 160.0 * | 153.1 | 200 | 195.7 |
Vegetables | 400 | 240–340 | 135.5 | 139.9 | 164.3 * | 170.8 | 204 | 216.7 |
Legumes (raw, dry) | - 1 | - 1 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 * | 2.7 | 3.4 | 4.8 |
Fruits (including juices) | 250 | 150–213 | 130.6 | 129.8 | 171.8 | 180.6 | 237.9 | 230.5 |
Juices | - 1 | - 1 | 0 | 0 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 34.5 | 35.8 |
Milk & fermented milk beverages | 550 | 330–468 | 149.9 | 157 | 200.3 5,** | 209.5 5 | 247.8 | 252.1 |
Cottage cheese | 45 | 27–38 | 8.2 | 9.5 | 13.4 | 14.8 | 20.7 | 21.1 |
Cheese | 5 | 3–4 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 5 |
Meat, poultry | 30 | 18–26 | 37.3 | 34.1 | 47.7 * | 44.5 | 58.1 | 56.4 |
Processed meat | 20 | 12–17 | 10.9 | 9.1 | 16.2 * | 14.4 | 21.9 | 21.7 |
Fish | 5 | 3-4 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 13.7 * | 13 | 17.2 | 17.1 |
Egg 2 | 0.75 | 0.45–0.64 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Animal fats | 25 | 15–21 | 12 | 11.8 | 14.8 | 14.7 | 18.2 | 17.8 |
Vegetable fats | 13 | 8–11 | 6.2 | 6 | 9.1 * | 8.1 | 13.1 | 12.4 |
Sugar & sweets 3 | 30 | 18–26 | 11 | 9.7 | 15.9 * | 14.4 | 23.9 | 22.5 |
Added sugars 4 | - 1 | - 1 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 9.2 | 8.2 | 16 | 15 |
Food Products (g) | Average (Median) Daily Supply (g/Child) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DCCs with Baseline Low Supply | DCCs with Baseline High Supply | |||||||
B | PB | p-Value | ∆% | B | PB | p-Value | ∆% | |
Bread | 45.7 * | 49.1 | 0.000 | ↑ 7 | 90.3 * | 82.6 | 0.002 | ↓ 9 |
Flour, pasta | 19.8 * | 23 | 0.000 | ↑ 16 | 41.7 * | 32.5 | 0.000 | ↓ 22 |
Cereals, groats, rice | 9.8 * | 13.8 | 0.000 | ↑ 41 | 26.0 * | 24 | 0.03 | ↓ 8 |
Potatoes | 106.0 4,** | 120.3 4 | 0.004 | ↑ 13 | 234.8 * | 218.2 4 | 0.001 | ↓ 7 |
Vegetables | 118.5 * | 132.5 | 0.000 | ↑ 12 | 232.3 | 225.5 | 0.084 | ↓ 3 |
Legumes (raw, dry) | 0.0 * | 1 | 0.000 | - | 5.2 * | 4.2 | 0.007 | ↓ 20 |
Fruits (including juices) | 106.8 * | 116.6 | 0.002 | ↑ 9 | 278.1 * | 258.5 | 0.001 | ↓ 7 |
Juices | 0.0 * | 7.7 | 0.000 | - | 65.1 * | 36.3 | 0.000 | ↓ 44 |
Milk & fermented milk beverages | 116.7 4,** | 139.5 4 | 0.000 | ↑ 20 | 279.5 * | 275.0 4 | 0.013 | ↓ 2 |
Cottage cheese | 5.7 * | 9.6 | 0.000 | ↑ 69 | 27.7 * | 26.3 | 0.005 | ↓ 5 |
Cheese | 1.5 * | 2.7 | 0.000 | ↑ 78 | 6.8 * | 4.5 4 | 0.000 | ↓ 33 |
Meat, poultry | 29.9 * | 36.7 | 0.000 | ↑ 23 | 70.8 * | 61.0 4 | 0.000 | ↓ 14 |
Processed meat | 8.0 * | 8.9 | 0.001 | ↑ 11 | 27.9 * | 22.2 | 0.000 | ↓ 20 |
Fish | 6.7 4,** | 10.2 4 | 0.000 | ↑ 52 | 20.4 * | 15.0 4 | 0.000 | ↓ 26 |
Egg 1 | 0.12 4,** | 0.19 4 | 0.000 | ↑ 54 | 0.38 * | 0.35 4 | 0.001 | ↓ 8 |
Animal fats | 10.7 * | 11 | 0.027 | ↑ 3 | 20.0 * | 18.7 | 0.026 | ↓ 6 |
Vegetable fats | 5.1 * | 5.8 | 0.000 | ↑ 13 | 16.1 * | 12.8 4 | 0.000 | ↓ 20 |
Sugar & sweets 2 | 8.1 * | 8.2 | 0.021 | ↑ 0.3 | 30.6 * | 25.1 4 | 0.000 | ↓ 18 |
Added sugars 3 | 0.9 * | 2.2 | 0.000 | ↑ 147 | 21.7 * | 19.4 4 | 0.000 | ↓ 11 |
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Myszkowska-Ryciak, J.; Harton, A. Impact of Nutrition Education on the Compliance with Model Food Ration in 231 Preschools, Poland: Results of Eating Healthy, Growing Healthy Program. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101427
Myszkowska-Ryciak J, Harton A. Impact of Nutrition Education on the Compliance with Model Food Ration in 231 Preschools, Poland: Results of Eating Healthy, Growing Healthy Program. Nutrients. 2018; 10(10):1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101427
Chicago/Turabian StyleMyszkowska-Ryciak, Joanna, and Anna Harton. 2018. "Impact of Nutrition Education on the Compliance with Model Food Ration in 231 Preschools, Poland: Results of Eating Healthy, Growing Healthy Program" Nutrients 10, no. 10: 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101427