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International Journal of Pharmacokinetics
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Research Article

SWATH acquisition mode for drug metabolism and metabolomics investigations

    Ron Bonner

    Ron Bonner Consulting, Newmarket, ON, Canada

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    &
    Gérard Hopfgartner

    *Author for correspondence:

    E-mail Address: gerard.hopfgartner@unige.ch

    Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland

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    Published Online:27 Jul 2016https://doi.org/10.4155/bio-2016-0141

    Abstract

    Aim: Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH) has recently emerged as a powerful high resolution mass spectrometric data independent acquisition technique. In the present work, the potential and challenges of an integrated strategy based on LC-SWATH/MS for simultaneous drug metabolism and metabolomics studies was investigated. Methodology: The richness of SWATH data allows numerous data analysis approaches, including: detection of metabolites by prediction; metabolite detection by mass defect filtering; quantification from high-resolution MS precursor chromatograms or fragment chromatograms. Multivariate analysis can be applied to the data from the full scan or SWATH windows and allows changes in endogenous metabolites as well as xenobiotic metabolites, to be detected. Principal component variable grouping detects intersample variable correlation and groups variables with similar profiles which simplifies interpretation and highlights related ions and fragments. Principal component variable grouping can extract product ion spectra from the data collected by fragmenting a wide precursor ion window. Conclusion: It was possible to characterize 28 vinpocetine metabolites in urine, mostly mono- and di-hydroxylated forms, and detect endogenous metabolite expression changes in urine after the administration of a single dose of a model drug (vinpocetine) to rats.

    Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest; •• of considerable interest

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