Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (한국농공학회논문집)

The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (한국농공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of Two Dimensional Chloride Ion Penetration Model Using Moving Mesh Technique

Moving Mesh Technique을 이용한 2차원 염해 침투 예측 모델의 개발

  • Choi, Won (Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Hanjoong (Department of Bioresource and Rural System of Engineering, Hankyong National University)
  • Received : 2015.05.22
  • Accepted : 2015.10.01
  • Published : 2015.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Most of chloride diffusion models based on finite difference method (FDM) could not express the diffusion in horizontal direction at each elevation. To overcome these weakness, two dimensional chloride ion penetration model based on finite element method (FEM) to be able to combine various multi-physics simultaneously was suggested by introducing moving mesh technique. To avoid the generation of mesh being able to be distorted depending on the relative movement of water level to static concrete, a rectangular type of mesh was intentionally adopted and the total number of meshes was empirically selected. The simulated results showed that the contents of surface chloride decreased following to the increase of elevation in the top part of low sea level, whereas there were no changes in the bottom part of low level. In the DuraCrete model, the diffusion coefficient of splashed zone is generally smaller than submerged zone, whereas the trend of Life365 model is reverse. Therefore, it could be understood that the developed model using moving mesh technique effectively reflects $DuraCrete^{TM}$ model rather than $Life365^{TM}$ model. In the future, the model will be easily expanded to be combined with various multi-physics models considering water evaporation, heat of hydration, irradiation effect of sun and so on because it is based on FEM.

Keywords

References

  1. Ann, K. Y., J. H. Ahn, and J. S., Ryou, 2009. The importance of chloride content at the concrete surface in assessing the time to corrosion of steel in concrete structures. Construction and Building Materials 23(1): 239-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.12.014
  2. Arora, P., B. N. Popov, B. Haran, M. Ramasubramanian, S. Popova, and R. E. White, 1997. Corrosion initiation time of steel reinforcement in a chloride environment - a one dimensional solution. Corrosion Science 39(4): 739-759. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(96)00163-1
  3. Bentz, E. C., and M. D. A. Thomas, 2001. Manual of Life-365, Computer Program for Predicting the Service Life and Life-Cycle Costs of Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Chlorides.
  4. Choi, W., and H. J. Kim, 2015. Development of three dimensional chloride ion penetration model based on finite element method. Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 57(5): 43-49 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.5389/KSAE.2015.57.5.043
  5. Edvardsen, C. K., Y. J. Kim, S. J. Park, S. K. Jeong, and H. C. Im, 2006. Busan-Geoje fixed link concrete durability design for the bridges and tunnels. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 21(3-4): 432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2005.12.074
  6. Gu, I. S., 2008. The study on the mix design of high durable marine concrete for GK project. Master's Thesis, University of Ulsan, South Korea (in Korean).
  7. Song H.W., S.W. Park, and K.Y. Ann, 2007. Time dependent chloride transport evaluation of concrete structures exposed to marine environment. journal of the Korea Concrete Institute 19(5): 585-593 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2007.19.5.585
  8. Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE). Standard specification for durability of concrete. Concr Libr 2002: 108 (in Japanese).
  9. Ji, Y., Z. Tan, and Y. Yuan, 2009. Chloride Ion Ingress in Concrete Exposed to a Cyclic Wetting and Drying Environment. Transactions of the ASABE 52(1): 239-245. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.25944
  10. Kassir, M. K., and M. Ghosn, 2002. Chloride-induced corrosion of reinforced concrete bridge decks. Cement and Concrete Research 32(1): 139-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00644-5
  11. Kim, K. H., S. W. Cha, and S. Y. Jang, 2009. Target Diffusion Coefficient of Marine Concrete Using DuraCrete Method. Korean Society of Civil Engineers 2009(10): 1335-1338 (in Korean).
  12. Leandro, J., A. S. Chen, S. Djordjevic, and D. A. Savic, 2009. Comparison of 1D/1D and 1D/2D coupled (sewer/surface) hydraulic models for urban flood simulation. Journal of hydraulic engineering 135(6): 495-504. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000037
  13. Liska, R., and B. Wendroff, 2003. Comparison of several difference schemes on 1D and 2D test problems for the Euler equations. SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 25(3): 995-1017. https://doi.org/10.1137/S1064827502402120
  14. Marchand, J., and E. Samson, 2009. Predicting the service-life of concrete structures - Limitations of simplified models. Cement and Concrete Composites 31(8): 515-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.01.007
  15. Meira, G. R., C. Andrade, C. Alonso, J. C. Borba Jr., and M. Padilha Jr., 2010. Durability of concrete structures in marine atmosphere zones - the use of chloride deposition rate on the wet candle as an environmental indicator. Cement and Concrete Composites 32: 427-435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.03.002
  16. Ministry of Construction and Transportation (MOCT). Standard specification for concrete structures on durability. Kimundang, Seoul, Korea, 2004 (in Korean).
  17. Pack, S.-W., M.-S. Jung, H.-W. Song, S.-H. Kim, and K. Y. Ann, 2010. Prediction of time dependent chloride transport in concrete structures exposed to a marine environment. Cement and Concrete Research 40(2): 302-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.09.023
  18. Song, H.-W., C.-H., Lee, and K. Y., Ann, 2008. Factors influencing chloride transport in concrete structures exposed to marine environments. Cement and Concrete Composites 30(2): 113-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.09.005
  19. Song, H.-W., H.-B. Shim, A. Petcherdchoo, and S.-K. Park, 2009. Service life prediction of repaired concrete structures under chloride environment using finite difference method. Cement and Concrete Composites 31(2): 120-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.11.002
  20. Takewaka, K., and S. Matsumoto, 1988. Quality and cover thickness of concrete based on the estimation of chloride penetration in marine environments. Concrete in Marine Environment, V. M. Malhotra, ed., SP-I09, Am. Concrete Inst. (ACI), Detroit, Mich., 381-400.
  21. Tang, L., and L.-O. Nilsson, 1992. Rapid determination of the chloride diffusivity in concrete by applying an electrical field. ACI Mater. J. 89: 49-53.
  22. Val, D. V., and M. G. Stewart, 2003. Life-cycle cost analysis of reinforced concrete structures in marine environments. Structural Safety 25(4): 343-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4730(03)00014-6
  23. Weyers, R. E., 1993. Service Life Estimates (SHRP-S-668). Strategic Highway Research Program. National Research Council. Washington DC.
  24. Zhang, J. Z., I. M. McLoughlin, and N. R. Buenfeld, 1998. Modelling of chloride diffusion into surface-treated concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites 20(4): 253-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(98)00003-1