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Islamic Religiosity Among the Older Adults in Turkey: The Association Among Religious Activities, Health Status, and Life Satisfaction

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 15.11.2020

İsmail Tufan Gulusan Ozgun Basıbuyuk Asli Kılavuz

https://doi.org/10.51819/jaltc.2020.688088

Abstract

Religiosity and religious activity increase with age. On the other hand, it is less known whether religiosity is related to satisfaction and physical and psychological health status. Associated variables with being religious in old age are aimed to examine in this empirical research held in Turkey among the older adults over the age of 60. Religious practices of the older adults (N=150) such as attending to the mosque, practicing daily prayers, and praying (often, rarely never) were compared with respect to their physical and psychological health, life satisfaction, self-serenity, and fear of death. According to Chi-square results, participants who rated both physical and psychological health status as good, the number of participants performing often praying was higher than the number of people who were rarely praying or did not ever praying. For people who rated their both life satisfaction and self-serenity as “good”, the number of participants visiting a mosque often was higher than the number of people who were rarely visiting or did not ever visiting. Also, for people who describe their fear of death as “never”, the number of participants never performing daily prayers was lower than the number of people who often prayers and rarely prayers. Results revealed the possible association between physical/psychological health outcomes and religious participation.

Keywords

Religiosity gerontology psychological health life satisfaction fear of death

References

  • Argyle, M. (2000). Psychology of Religion. An Introduction. Routledge: London, New York.
  • Badkar, H. (2018, June). Mahatma Gandhi’s Philosophy of Religion. In Proceedings of the XXIII World Congress of Philosophy (Vol. 61, pp. 25-29).
  • Bell, D. (1979). Die Zukunft der westlichen Welt. Kultur und Technologie im Widerstreit. Fischer: Frankfurt/M.
  • Bortz, J. & Döring, N. (2006). Forschungsmethoden und Evaluation für Human- und Sozialwissenschaftler, 4. Aufl., Springer: Heidelberg.
  • Demirel Ucan, A., & Wright, A. (2019). Improving the pedagogy of Islamic religious education through an application of critical religious education, variation theory, and the learning study model. British Journal of Religious Education, 41(2), 202-217.
  • Dieckmann, B. Maiello, C. (1980a). “Glaube und Lebensalter. Zusammenhaenge religionssoziologischer Merkmale mit dem Lebensalter” pp. 53-80 in Was Menschen wirklich glauben edited by K.P. Jörns, C. Grosseholz. Kaiser&Gütersloh: Gütersloh.
  • Dieckmann, B. Maiello, C. (1980b). “Glaube und Geschlecht. Zusammenhaenge von religiösen Überzeugungen und theologischen Lehrmeinungen mit den Interessen und Einstellungen der Geschlechter” in Was Menschen wirklich glauben edited by K.P. Jörns, C. Grosseholz. Kaiser&Gütersloh: Gütersloh.
  • Dittmann-Kohli, F. (1990). “Sinngebung im Alter” pp. 145-183 in Entwicklungsprozess im Alter edited by P.Mayring, W.Saup. Kohlhammer: Stuttgart.
  • Dollahite, D. C., Marks, L. D., & Dalton, H. (2018). Why religion helps and harms families: A conceptual model of a system of dualities at the nexus of faith and family life. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 10(1), 219-241.
  • Fortuin, N. P., Schilderman, J. B., & Venbrux, E. (2019). Religion and fear of death among older Dutch adults. Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging, 31(3), 236-254.
  • Hays, J. C., Meador, K. G., Branch, P. S., & George, L. K. (2001). The spiritual history scale in four dimensions (SHS-4): Validity and reliability. Gerontologist, 41, 239-249.
  • Hillmann, I. (2007). Ausgewählte Beiträge zu einer religionswissenschaftlichen Definition von Religion. Munich: GRIN Verlag.
  • Hood, R.W. Jr. et al. (1996). The Psychology of Religion. An Empirical Approach (2nd ed.). Guilford Press: New York, London.
  • Idler, E. L., Musick, M. A., Ellison, C. G., George, L. K., Krause, N., Ory, M. G. et al. (2003). Measuring multiple dimensions of religion and spirituality or health research: Conceptual background and findings from the 1998 General Social Survey. Research on Aging, 25, 327-365
  • Koenig, H. G., Peteet, J. R., & Balboni, M. (2017). Religion and spirituality in gerontology. Spirituality and Religion Within the Culture of Medicine: From Evidence to Practice, 109.
  • Koenig, H.G. (1992). “Religion and mental health in later life” pp. 177-188 in Religion and mental health edited by J.F. Schuhmacher. Oxford University Press: New York, Oxford.
  • Kruse, A. (2007). Das letzte Lebensjahr. Zur körperlichen, psychischen und sozialen Situation des alten Menschen am Ende seines Lebens. Kohlhammer: Stuttgart.
  • Levin, J. S. (1997). “Religious research in gerontology, 1980-1994: a systematic review” in Journal of Religious Gerontology, 10, 3-31.
  • Menzies, R. G., & Menzies, R. E. (2018). Fear of death: Nature, development, and moderating factors. Curing the Dread of Death: Theory, Research, and Practice, 21.
  • Schweitzer, F. (2005). “Religiöse Erziehung” Pp. 1490- 1498 in Handbuch- Sozialarbeit/Sozialpädagogik, 3.Aufl., edited by H.-U. Otto, H. Thiersch, Verlag Reinhardt: München, Basel.
  • Shaw, R., & Stevens, B. (2019). Religion and spirituality in end-of-life care. In Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging. Springer.
  • Sperling, U. (2004). “Religiosität und Spiritualität“ Pp. 627-642 in Enzyklopädie der Gerontologie – Alternsprozesse in multidisziplinärer Sicht edited by A. Kruse, M. Martin. Verlag Huber: Bern, Göttingen, Toronto, Seattle.
  • Sulmasy, D.P.(2002). “A biopsychosocial-spiritual model for the care of patients at the end of life “in The Gerontologist, 42, Special Issue III, 32-40.
  • Templer, D.I. & Datson, E. (1970). “Religious Correlates of Death Anxiety” in Psychological Reports, 26, 895- 897.
  • Tufan, I. (2007). The First Turkey-Aging Report [Birinci Türkiye Yaşlılık Raporu]. GeroYay: Antalya.
  • Utsch, M. (1992). “Religiösitaet im Alter: Forschungsschwerpunkte und methodische Probleme” in Zeitschrift für Gerontologie, 25, 25-31.
  • Wiebe, D. (2019). Explanation and the scientific study of religion. In The Science of Religion: A Defence (pp. 23-46). BRILL.
  • Witter, R. A., Stock, W. A., Okun, M. A., & Haring, M. J. (1985). Religion and subjective well-being in adulthood: A quantitative synthesis. Review of Religious Research, 26, 332-342.
  • Wittkowski, J., Baumgaertner, I. (1977). “Religiositaet und Einstellung zu Tod und Sterben bei alten Menschen” in Zeitschrift für Gerontologie, 10, 61-68.
  • Yang, Y. (2019). Understanding and Correctly Evaluating the Relationship between Traditional Chinese Culture and Religion. 2nd International Conference on Arts, Linguistics, Literature, and Humanities (ICALLH, 2019)Proceedings Book.

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 15.11.2020

İsmail Tufan Gulusan Ozgun Basıbuyuk Asli Kılavuz

https://doi.org/10.51819/jaltc.2020.688088

Abstract

References

  • Argyle, M. (2000). Psychology of Religion. An Introduction. Routledge: London, New York.
  • Badkar, H. (2018, June). Mahatma Gandhi’s Philosophy of Religion. In Proceedings of the XXIII World Congress of Philosophy (Vol. 61, pp. 25-29).
  • Bell, D. (1979). Die Zukunft der westlichen Welt. Kultur und Technologie im Widerstreit. Fischer: Frankfurt/M.
  • Bortz, J. & Döring, N. (2006). Forschungsmethoden und Evaluation für Human- und Sozialwissenschaftler, 4. Aufl., Springer: Heidelberg.
  • Demirel Ucan, A., & Wright, A. (2019). Improving the pedagogy of Islamic religious education through an application of critical religious education, variation theory, and the learning study model. British Journal of Religious Education, 41(2), 202-217.
  • Dieckmann, B. Maiello, C. (1980a). “Glaube und Lebensalter. Zusammenhaenge religionssoziologischer Merkmale mit dem Lebensalter” pp. 53-80 in Was Menschen wirklich glauben edited by K.P. Jörns, C. Grosseholz. Kaiser&Gütersloh: Gütersloh.
  • Dieckmann, B. Maiello, C. (1980b). “Glaube und Geschlecht. Zusammenhaenge von religiösen Überzeugungen und theologischen Lehrmeinungen mit den Interessen und Einstellungen der Geschlechter” in Was Menschen wirklich glauben edited by K.P. Jörns, C. Grosseholz. Kaiser&Gütersloh: Gütersloh.
  • Dittmann-Kohli, F. (1990). “Sinngebung im Alter” pp. 145-183 in Entwicklungsprozess im Alter edited by P.Mayring, W.Saup. Kohlhammer: Stuttgart.
  • Dollahite, D. C., Marks, L. D., & Dalton, H. (2018). Why religion helps and harms families: A conceptual model of a system of dualities at the nexus of faith and family life. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 10(1), 219-241.
  • Fortuin, N. P., Schilderman, J. B., & Venbrux, E. (2019). Religion and fear of death among older Dutch adults. Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging, 31(3), 236-254.
  • Hays, J. C., Meador, K. G., Branch, P. S., & George, L. K. (2001). The spiritual history scale in four dimensions (SHS-4): Validity and reliability. Gerontologist, 41, 239-249.
  • Hillmann, I. (2007). Ausgewählte Beiträge zu einer religionswissenschaftlichen Definition von Religion. Munich: GRIN Verlag.
  • Hood, R.W. Jr. et al. (1996). The Psychology of Religion. An Empirical Approach (2nd ed.). Guilford Press: New York, London.
  • Idler, E. L., Musick, M. A., Ellison, C. G., George, L. K., Krause, N., Ory, M. G. et al. (2003). Measuring multiple dimensions of religion and spirituality or health research: Conceptual background and findings from the 1998 General Social Survey. Research on Aging, 25, 327-365
  • Koenig, H. G., Peteet, J. R., & Balboni, M. (2017). Religion and spirituality in gerontology. Spirituality and Religion Within the Culture of Medicine: From Evidence to Practice, 109.
  • Koenig, H.G. (1992). “Religion and mental health in later life” pp. 177-188 in Religion and mental health edited by J.F. Schuhmacher. Oxford University Press: New York, Oxford.
  • Kruse, A. (2007). Das letzte Lebensjahr. Zur körperlichen, psychischen und sozialen Situation des alten Menschen am Ende seines Lebens. Kohlhammer: Stuttgart.
  • Levin, J. S. (1997). “Religious research in gerontology, 1980-1994: a systematic review” in Journal of Religious Gerontology, 10, 3-31.
  • Menzies, R. G., & Menzies, R. E. (2018). Fear of death: Nature, development, and moderating factors. Curing the Dread of Death: Theory, Research, and Practice, 21.
  • Schweitzer, F. (2005). “Religiöse Erziehung” Pp. 1490- 1498 in Handbuch- Sozialarbeit/Sozialpädagogik, 3.Aufl., edited by H.-U. Otto, H. Thiersch, Verlag Reinhardt: München, Basel.
  • Shaw, R., & Stevens, B. (2019). Religion and spirituality in end-of-life care. In Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging. Springer.
  • Sperling, U. (2004). “Religiosität und Spiritualität“ Pp. 627-642 in Enzyklopädie der Gerontologie – Alternsprozesse in multidisziplinärer Sicht edited by A. Kruse, M. Martin. Verlag Huber: Bern, Göttingen, Toronto, Seattle.
  • Sulmasy, D.P.(2002). “A biopsychosocial-spiritual model for the care of patients at the end of life “in The Gerontologist, 42, Special Issue III, 32-40.
  • Templer, D.I. & Datson, E. (1970). “Religious Correlates of Death Anxiety” in Psychological Reports, 26, 895- 897.
  • Tufan, I. (2007). The First Turkey-Aging Report [Birinci Türkiye Yaşlılık Raporu]. GeroYay: Antalya.
  • Utsch, M. (1992). “Religiösitaet im Alter: Forschungsschwerpunkte und methodische Probleme” in Zeitschrift für Gerontologie, 25, 25-31.
  • Wiebe, D. (2019). Explanation and the scientific study of religion. In The Science of Religion: A Defence (pp. 23-46). BRILL.
  • Witter, R. A., Stock, W. A., Okun, M. A., & Haring, M. J. (1985). Religion and subjective well-being in adulthood: A quantitative synthesis. Review of Religious Research, 26, 332-342.
  • Wittkowski, J., Baumgaertner, I. (1977). “Religiositaet und Einstellung zu Tod und Sterben bei alten Menschen” in Zeitschrift für Gerontologie, 10, 61-68.
  • Yang, Y. (2019). Understanding and Correctly Evaluating the Relationship between Traditional Chinese Culture and Religion. 2nd International Conference on Arts, Linguistics, Literature, and Humanities (ICALLH, 2019)Proceedings Book.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İsmail Tufan This is me 0000-0002-7185-7373

Gulusan Ozgun Basıbuyuk This is me 0000-0002-2801-6157

Asli Kılavuz This is me 0000-0002-0474-9911

Publication Date November 15, 2020
Acceptance Date December 25, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tufan, İ., Ozgun Basıbuyuk, G., & Kılavuz, A. (2020). Islamic Religiosity Among the Older Adults in Turkey: The Association Among Religious Activities, Health Status, and Life Satisfaction. Journal of Aging and Long-Term Care, 3(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.51819/jaltc.2020.688088
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The National and Applied Gerontology Association (NASAG) is a leading non-profit organization in Türkiye that promotes healthy and productive aging via evidence-based research. The utilization of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research in gerontology is crucial in integrating research, practice, and policy, given the need for evidence-based programming to improve the quality of life in old age. As an advocate for social action for older people, the NASAG is particularly concerned that public policies are strongly and genuinely focused on supporting and protecting the most vulnerable, marginalized, or disadvantaged older people.

The NASAG has been a member of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG) since 2007.