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Characterization of Phytochemicals Stimulatory to Sexual Reproduction in Phytophthora Cactorum and P. parasitica

對疫病菌Phytophthora cactorum及P.parasitica有性生殖具有刺激作用之植物化合物之特性分析

摘要


在添加了玉米油或粗製大豆卵磷脂之基礎培養基中Phytophthora cactorum及P.parasitica能産生卵孢子。二種添加物中之非皂化成對此二疫病菌産生卵孢子均有刺激效用,但是其皂化成份則只能刺激P.pcactorum産生卵孢子。添加物之非皂化成份經以Florisil管柱層析法(column chromatography)純化,由25%乙醚/已烷溶析出之成份封刺激卵孢子之形成最有效。此成份之物質經薄層層析法(TLC)分析俊形3個色帶(b ands),其中的二個bands含非毛地黃皂甘(non-digitonide)物質,經高效率液相層析法(HPLC)純化後,分離出其有效成份,再以氣相層析-質譜儀(GC-Ms)做化學鑑定。鑑定出之化合物有3-eicosyne,β-farnesene , tetradecane (2,6,10-trimethy), docosane, hexadecanol(2-methyl),phytol及pentatriacontane。市售之植醇(phytol)握測試後發現封此二疫病菌株卵孢子之形成具有很強之刺激性,即使在1 ng/基礎培養基圓盤之濃度下仍具有很高的刺激性。

並列摘要


Phytophthora cactorum and P. parasitica formed oospores on basal medium supplemented with corn oil or crude soybean lecithin. The non-saponifiable fraction from these two supplements were stimulatory to oospore formation of both fungi, but the saponifiables were stimulatory to only P. cactorum. When the non-saponifiables were subjected to Florisil column chromatography, the fraction eluted with 25% diethyl ether in hexane was the most stimulatory. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) separated this fraction into three active bands. Among them, the two non-digitonide TLC bands were further separated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the active fractions were isolated for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Compounds identified were 3-eicosyne, β-farnesene, tetradecane (2, 6, 10-trimethyl), docosane, hexadecanol (2-methyl), phytol, and pentatriacontane. Commercially available phytol tested was found to be highly stimulatory to oospore formation of both fungi. It was active even at the concentration of 1 ng/basal medium disc.

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