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Corporate Group Formation and Differentiation in Early Puebloan Villages of the American Southwest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Gregson Schachner
Gregson Schachner*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, 341 Haines Hall, Los Angeles CA 90095 (gschachner@anthro.ucla.edu)
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Abstract

The development of corporate groups and social differentiation has long been studied by scholars interested in the historic development of Puebloan societies in the American Southwest. Recent discussions of these issues have suggested that corporate group organization and differentiation were formalized during the transition from pithouse to pueblo architecture from A.D. 700 to 1000. In this article, I examine the history and process of the pithouse-to-pueblo transition in the northern San Juan region from A.D. 700 to 900. Unlike in most parts of the ancient Southwest, the architectural transition in this area was accompanied by a significant settlement change resulting in the founding of large, permanent villages housing hundreds of residents. I present an analysis of architectural differences within McPhee Village, one of the largest of these settlements, that documents variability in corporate group organization and socioeconomic power near the end of this transitional period. This study contributes to a growing body of archaeological literature that highlights the importance of internal social dynamics and corporate strategies within early village societies.

Resumen

Resumen

El desarrollo de los grupos corporativos y la diferenciación social entre ellos han sido desde hace tiempo objeto de estudio de los investigadores interesados en el desarrollo histórico de las sociedades Pueblo del Suroeste de los Estados Unidos. Las discusiones recientes acerca de este tema han sugerido que la organización y diferenciación de los grupos corporativos se formalizó durante la transición de la arquitectura pithouse a la pueblo, fechada entre 700 y 1000 D.C. En este artículo examino la historia y procesos de la transición pithouse a pueblo en la zona noreste de la región de San Juan fechada entre 700 y 900 D.C. A diferencia de lo que se observa en la mayoría de las regiones del Suroeste Americano, la transición arquitectónica en esta área estuvo acompañada por un cambio significativo en el patrón de asentamiento que resultó en la fundación de aldeas grandes y permanentes que albergaron a cientos de residentes. Presento aquí un análisis de las diferencias arquitectónicas al interior de la aldea McPhee, uno de los asentamientos más grandes, que demuestra la variabilidad en la organización de los grupos corporativos y el poder socioeconómico hacia finales de este periodo transicional. Este estudio contribuye a aumentar el corpus de trabajos arqueológicos que resaltan la importancia de las dinámicas sociales internas y las estrategias corporativas dentro de las sociedades aldeanas tempranas.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 75 , Issue 3 , July 2010 , pp. 473 - 496
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2010

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