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Evaluating Mobility, Monumentality, and Feasting at the Sapelo Island Shell Ring Complex

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Victor D. Thompson  and
C. Fred T. Andrus
Victor D. Thompson
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, 4048 Smith Laboratory, 174 W. 18th Ave. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 (thompson.2042@osu.edu)
C. Fred T. Andrus
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, 2040 Bevill Building, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487 (fandrus@geo.ua.edu)
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Abstract

Two of the most salient anthropological questions regarding southeastern shell ring sites are related to the season(s) that they were occupied and whether or not the deposits represent monumental constructions and/or feasting remains. This paper addresses these questions through the analysis of growth band of clams (Mercenaria spp.) (N = 620) and stable oxygen isotope ratios of clam and oyster shells (Crassostrea virginica) (N = 58) at the Sapelo Island Shell Ring complex located on the Georgia coast, USA. The season of death and the samples' position in the shell matrix at Sapelo provide important information on the rate of shell deposition and the season(s) the site was occupied. These data support the view that at least some portion of the human population at Sapelo occupied the site year-round. Additionally, while it appears that two shell rings at the site formed through the gradual deposition and accumulation of daily subsistence, other areas evidence short term, large-scale, shellfish processing and may lend credence to the view that at some point shell rings become monuments, commemorating rituals and gatherings.

Resumen

Resumen

Dos de las preguntas más importantes sobre los concheros en forma de anillo en el sureste de Estados Unidos de América se refíeren a la(s) estación(es) en las cual(es) fueron ocupados y acerca de si los depósitos de conchas representan construcciones monumentales y/o restos de festines. Este articulo aborda estas preguntas a través del análisis de las bandas de crecimiento de las almejas (Mercenaria spp. ) (N = 620) y la relación de isótopos estables de oxigeno en las conchas de almejas y ostras (Crassostrea virginica) (N = 58) en el complejo de concheros en forma de anillo de la Isla de Sapelo localizada en la costa del estado de Georgia, EEUU. La estación en que ocurrió la muerte de los especimenes individuales de conchas y su posición en la matriz del conchero en Sapelo proporciona información muy importante sobre la tasa de deposición de las conchas y la(s) estación(es) en la cual(es) el sitio fue ocupado. Estos datos indican que por lo menos una porción de la población en Sapelo ocupaba el sitio durante todo el año. Asimismo, mientras que parece que dos anillos de concha en el sitio seformaron a través de la deposición gradual y acumulación de los desechos de la subsistencia cotidiana, otras áreas evidencian actividades de festines y pueden respaldar el punto de vista de que en algún momento los anillos se volvieron monumentos para conmemorar rituales y reuniones.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 76 , Issue 2 , April 2011 , pp. 315 - 343
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2011

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