KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Changes in the Hyperspectral Characteristics of Wheat Plants According to N Top-dressing Rates at Various Growth Stages

밀에서 질소 시비 조건에 따른 생육 단계별 초분광 특성 변화

  • Jung, Jae Gyeong (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Yeong Hun (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Choi, Jae Eun (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Song, Gi Eun (Department of Agronomy Applied Biological Science, Applied Biology (BK Plus), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Ko, Jong Han (Applied Plant Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyung Do (Department of Agricultural Enviroment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Shim, Sang In (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 정재경 (국립 경상대학교 농학과) ;
  • 이영훈 (국립 경상대학교 농학과) ;
  • 최재은 (국립 경상대학교 농학과) ;
  • 송기은 (국립 경상대학교 응용생명과학부 BK21+ 프로그램) ;
  • 고종한 (국립 전남대학교 응용식물학과) ;
  • 이경도 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부) ;
  • 심상인 (국립 경상대학교 농학과)
  • Received : 2020.08.07
  • Accepted : 2020.09.12
  • Published : 2020.12.01
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Abstract

Recently, wheat consumption has been increasing in Korea, requiring increased production. Nitrogen fertilization is a critical determinant in crop yield; therefore, it is necessary to optimize the nitrogen fertilization regime with current trends that emphasize the minimum impact of nitrogen fertilizer on the environment. In this study, both nondestructive spectral analysis using a hyperspectral camera and growth analysis were performed to determine the optimal N top-dressing rates after heading. The nitrogen application regimes consisted of three conditions according to the secondary top-dressing rate: N4:3:0 (0 kg 10 a-1), N4:3:3 (2.73 kg 10 a-1), and N4:3:6 (5.46 kg 10 a-1). Subsequently, growth and physiological investigations were performed at the jointing, heading, and ripening stages of wheat, and spectral investigations were conducted. On April 29, as the nitrogen fertilization rate was increased to N4:3:3 and N4:3:6, plant height and grain yield increased by 4% and 8%, and 8% and 52%, respectively, compared to those under N4:3:0. Leaf area index and SPAD value also increased by 13% and 24%, and 32% and 43%, respectively. The R (red), G (green), and B (blue) of leaf color were lowered by 15, 11, and 4 in N4:3:3 and 44, 34, and 18 in N4:3:6, respectively, as compared to the control. Grain yield was the highest at high top-dressing (N4:3:6), however, there was no difference between no top-dressing (N4:3:0) and intermediat top-dressing (N4:3:3). The reflectance analyzed using a hyperspectral camera showed a difference in the near-infrared (NIR) region on March 19, and on April 29, there was a difference both in the visible light region greater than 550 nm and the NIR region. Vegetation indices differed according to fertilization regime, except for the greenness index (GI). The results of this study showed that not only growth and physiological analysis but also spectral indices can be used to optimize the nitrogen top-dressing rate.

적절한 질소 시비는 작물에 초형을 개선하는 한편, 엽록소 유지에도 도움을 주어 엽노화를 억제하고 광합성도 증대시켰다. 드론을 활용해 얻어진 잎의 RGB 값은 4월 29일에서 추비량 증가에 따라 RGB 값의 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내 단순한 엽색 분석도 작물의 생리적 상태 평가에 활용할 수 있음을 보여주었다. 휴대용 측정기를 이용한 실험에서 추비 조건에 따른 NDVI와 SPAD 값은 3월 19일에 큰 차이 확인할 수 없었다. 그러나 초분광카메라를 통한 분석에서 추비량 증대에 따라 780 nm보다 큰 파장대인 NIR 영역에서 반사율 증가가 확인되었다. 이는 시비 효과가 명확히 드러나지 않는 생육 초반에도 초분광카메라 활용해 작물 상태를 진단할 수 있음을 보여준다. 포장에서 추비 수준이 낮을수록 4월 29일에는 가시광선 영역의 반사율이 증가하고, NIR 영역의 감소가 확인되어 시비에 따른 영향을 확인할 수 있었다. 초분광카메라를 이용한 식생지수 확인으로 엽록소 함량, 질소 부족 정도, 광합성 상태 분석에 근거한 시비 효과 평가가 가능하였다.

Keywords

References

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