Correlation of physical fitness of CSС «Vitebsk» athletes and biochemical, immunological blood parameters

Prokhorenko R.V., Aliakhnovich N.S., Patryna A.V.

Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

Professional sports is a field of human activity where all body systems function in the zone of absolute physiological limits of the body. Good physical fitness of athletes in general was established, with satisfactory indicators in 26%. Disorders in the metabolism of athletes were found, indicating a violation of recovery after physical exertion and injury: a decrease in the atherogenicity index in 70%, the level of uric acid and globulins in 12% of participants; an increase in total and direct bilirubin in 28-32%, creatine phosphokinase in 42%. Increased physical activity affected the T-cell link of immunity (the relative number of T-lymphocytes was reduced in 20%, CD4-T-lymphocytes – in 24%, active T-lymphocytes were increased in 12% of athletes; the immunoregulatory index was increased in 8%, decreased in 14%). The examined athletes were often ill with acute infections – 52% suffered from acute respiratory viral infections, including Covid-19, acute intestinal infections in the last 3 months, 84% – in the last 12 months. Athletes noted a feeling of difficulty breathing after physical exertion (20% – less than several times a week, 4% – several times a week), episodes of suffocation – 10% of athletes, that is, they were at risk of developing bronchial asthma. A direct correlation was found between blood glucose, liver parameters, calcium and creatiphosphokinase levels, and pulse and blood pressure indicators before and after the Roufier test. The levels of creatyphosphokinase and liver parameters were inversely correlated with the number of episodes of difficulty breathing.